Peace and Security

The Concept of People’ in The Principle of Self-Determination and its Implication for the United Nations

Schoenberg HO.  1993.  The Concept of People’ in The Principle of Self-Determination and its Implication for the United Nations.

Excerpts from the Dr . Schoenberg's Conclusions:
In this author's opinion, a group seeking self-determination that has been the victim of genocide and requires its own land just to survive merits the sympathy and support of the international community, while a group that would turn its desired homeland into a base for aggression, subversion, or international terrorism is not worthy of international support.

World Court Enhancements to Advance the Rule of Law

MacPherson BF.  1994.  World Court Enhancements to Advance the Rule of Law.

Excerpts from Mr. MacPherson's Conclusions:
The rule of law would benefit most from an increase in the ICJ's jurisdiction to include allowing the UN and other international organizations to be parties to contentious cases and to provide for true compulsory jurisdiction for intra-state disputes. International organizations should be encouraged to seek advisory opinions when there is a substantial dispute concerning a matter within the scope of their activities. The General Assembly should authorize the Secretary General, as well as additional organizations, to request advisory opinions. Consideration should also be given to amending the Statute so that all UN organs and agencies can obtain advisory opinions without first being authorized by the General Assembly and to permit certain types of non-governmental organizations, such as the International Committee of the Red Cross, to obtain advisory opinions.

United Nations Security Council Reform and Restructuring

Hoffman W.  1994.  United Nations Security Council Reform and Restructuring.

Excerpts from Mr. Hoffmann's Conclusions:
In the year 2011, and at ten year intervals thereafter, the five highest contributors (assessed and paid) to the regular and peacekeeping budgets of the Organization should be named as five of the ten quasi-permanent members for the next ten year period. In the year 2011, apart from the five highest contributors, the members with the highest population in each of the following five regions should also be named as quasi-permanent members for the next ten year period: East and Southeast Asia; Central and Southwest Asia; Africa; Latin America and the Caribbean; Europe and Other States.

Bridging the Commitment-Capacity Gap

H. Langille P.  2002.  Bridging the Commitment-Capacity Gap. :162.

Excerpts from Dr. Langille's Conclusions:
Recommendation 23 -- There is an urgent need for a UN Emergency Service - a dedicated, multidimensional "UN 911" that can address human needs, including protection, security, health and hope. This service should be composed of military, police and civilian volunteers that are recruited globally, selected for high standards of professionalism and commitment, and then directly employed by the UN.



Outer Space for the Benefit of Humanity: A window of Opportunity for the United Nations

Driscoll C.  2003.  Outer Space for the Benefit of Humanity: A window of Opportunity for the United Nations.

Excerpts from Dr. Driscoll's Conclusions:
There can be no winners in a war from space against earth. Every country will become a target. The space systems upon which everyone, including the U.S. military, have come to rely, will be in peril. The connection between space weapons and nuclear weapons will become more evident as land, sea, air, and space strategies are increasingly interwoven. Understanding that connection, countries and non-governmentals who work to free the world of nuclear weapons must also work to stop space weapons. If they do not, before long they will find themselves having to work to free space of weapons -- laser, kinetic, and nuclear. If it is possible to negotiate an arms control agreement after the weapons have been deployed, verification of such an agreement without immediate destruction of the weapons will be almost impossible, and the process of destruction will itself endanger the earth.

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